Traveling to Cambodia can be an exciting and enriching experience, but it’s important to prioritize your health and safety during your trip. This travel advisory provides valuable information on infectious disease risks, environmental hazards, and other safety concerns to ensure a smooth and enjoyable journey.
Infectious Disease Risks
Enteric Infections & Diseases
Travelers’ Diarrhea
Diarrhea and foodborne infections are common among travelers in Cambodia. To stay safe, avoid consuming tap water, ice, and street food. Stick to bottled water that’s readily available. It’s also recommended to practice safe food and water precautions, and consider carrying antibiotics and antidiarrheal medication for self-treatment. Azithromycin is preferred due to widespread fluoroquinolone resistance in the region.
Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are endemic to Cambodia, posing a risk to travelers. Protect yourself by getting vaccinated against typhoid fever, especially if you plan on staying for an extended period or visiting remote regions.
Respiratory Infections & Diseases
Coronavirus Disease 2019
Stay updated on the current situation regarding COVID-19 in Cambodia by consulting the US Embassy in Cambodia website. It’s essential to ensure you are up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines before traveling to Cambodia.
Tuberculosis
Cambodia has a high rate of active tuberculosis cases. If you plan on working in high-risk settings or crowded institutions, such as medical facilities, prisons, or homeless shelters, consider getting tested for tuberculosis before and after your trip.
Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV
Take precautions regarding sexually transmitted infections and HIV, as they are prevalent among certain key populations in Cambodia. Always use condoms during sexual activities and avoid injecting drugs or sharing needles. If you engage in high-risk practices, discuss pre-exposure prophylaxis with your healthcare provider.
Soil- & Waterborne Infections
Leptospirosis & Melioidosis
Leptospirosis and melioidosis are endemic in Cambodia, with most cases occurring during the rainy season. Adventure travelers are at increased risk due to exposure to soil and surface water. Avoid swimming or wading in water that may be contaminated and minimize contact with potentially infected animals. Take extra precautions if you have open skin wounds, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease.
Schistosomiasis
Swimming in natural freshwater settings should be avoided as liver flukes, including Schistosoma mekongi, are present in the Mekong River basin. Seek medical attention if you develop a rash after exposure to freshwater.
Vectorborne Diseases
Chikungunya, Dengue & Zika
Chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses are prevalent in Cambodia. Protect yourself from mosquito bites and be aware of the symptoms of these diseases. A dengue vaccine is recommended for children aged 9-16 years with evidence of prior dengue virus infection. Discuss the risks of Zika virus infection with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Japanese Encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is endemic in Cambodia, especially during the rainy season. Consider getting vaccinated if you plan to live in or spend a significant amount of time in rural areas.
Malaria
Malaria transmission occurs in forested areas of Cambodia, particularly in certain provinces. The risk is minimal in popular tourist areas such as Angkor Wat, Phnom Penh, and Siem Reap. Take preventive measures to avoid mosquito bites and consider malaria chemoprophylaxis if you plan to visit deeply forested areas.
Environmental Hazards & Risks
Air Quality
Air quality in Cambodia can be a concern, especially during certain times of the year. Fine particulate matter levels exceed international standards. If you have heart or lung disease, are an older adult, or are traveling with children, reduce prolonged outdoor exertion when air quality is poor.
Animal Bites
Rabies
Rabies is endemic throughout Cambodia, with a significant number of human deaths resulting from dog bites. If you plan to travel extensively in Cambodia, especially in rural areas, consider getting rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis. Seek medical attention if you are bitten by an animal and consult the Institute Pasteur of Cambodia or private clinics for treatment.
Snakebites
Cambodia is home to various venomous snake species. Take precautions to avoid snakebites and seek immediate medical attention if bitten. Antivenom is available at selected hospitals.
Climate & Sun Exposure
Cambodia has a tropical climate, characterized by high temperatures and humidity throughout the year. Stay hydrated, especially when exploring outdoor attractions like temples. The rainy season increases the risk of vectorborne diseases, so take necessary precautions.
Landmines
Be cautious when traveling to rural areas in Cambodia. Although efforts have been made to clear landmines, remnants of past conflicts may still be present. Always stay on roads and paths when venturing into remote areas and avoid touching anything resembling a mine or unexploded ordnance. Report any suspicious items to the Cambodia Mine Action Centre.
Safety & Security
Crime
Exercise common sense and take precautions to prevent theft. Avoid walking or traveling alone at night and keep valuable belongings out of sight. Be mindful of your surroundings, especially when using tuk-tuks, and carry your bags away from the street side.
Traffic-Related Injuries
Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of death in Cambodia. The use of motorbikes is common, but helmet-wearing is infrequent. Always wear a helmet when riding a motorbike and exercise caution when crossing the street. Consider ride-hailing apps for reliable transportation options. Avoid traveling by boat, as safety measures may be inadequate.
Availability & Quality of Medical Care
Beware of counterfeit drugs and bring an adequate supply of your regular medications. Most medical facilities in Cambodia do not meet international standards. Seek medical care in Bangkok or Singapore for anything beyond basic care and stabilization. Ensure you have travel health insurance that includes medical evacuation coverage.
Remember to prioritize your health and well-being during your trip to Cambodia. By following these guidelines and taking necessary precautions, you can have a safe and enjoyable experience. For more information, visit Ekilove, your trusted travel resource.
